Exodus 34:21-23

New English Translation

Footnotes

1. Exodus 34:21 tn This is an adverbial accusative of time.
2. Exodus 34:21 tn Or “cease” (i.e., from the labors).
3. Exodus 34:21 sn See M. Dahood, “Vocative lamed in Exodus 2, 4 and Merismus in 34, 21, ” Bib 62 (1981): 413-15.
4. Exodus 34:21 tn The imperfect tense expresses injunction or instruction.
5. Exodus 34:22 tn The imperfect tense means “you will do”; it is followed by the preposition with a suffix to express the ethical dative to stress the subject.
6. Exodus 34:22 tn The expression is “the turn of the year,” which is parallel to “the going out of the year,” and means the end of the agricultural season.
7. Exodus 34:23 tn “Three times” is an adverbial accusative.
8. Exodus 34:23 tn Heb “all your males.”
9. Exodus 34:23 tn Here the divine name reads in Hebrew הָאָדֹן יְהוָה (haʾadon y^ehvah), which if rendered according to the traditional scheme of “Lord” for “Yahweh” would result in “Lord Lord.” A number of English versions render this phrase “Lord God.” sn The title “Lord” translated as Sovereign is included here before the divine name (translated “Lord” here), perhaps to form a contrast with Baal (which means “lord” as well) and to show the sovereignty of Yahweh. But the distinct designation “the God of Israel” is certainly the point of the renewed covenant relationship.